What is Corona virus? and how it spread?it’s symptoms and prevention.

Coronavirus disease (covid-19) is a new type of disease that was discovered in 2019 and has not been priviously found in humans.

Coronavirus is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Those people are infected by covid – 19 will experience respiratory illness . And require special treatment to recover. Those people are suffering from medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, are more likely to develop serious illness.

The name of the coronavirus comes from its shape which resembles a crown or solar Corona when we see under the microscope.like there is a crown on the top of the virus.some of them four or five different kinds cause common diseas among humans everything from common cold to mild or moderate respiratory illnesses, other kind of coronavirus affect animal and sometimes on rare cases we see that coronavirus jump from animal species into the human population. The novel 2019 coronavirus is getting a lot of attention now, because it is a new kind of coronavirus we haven’t seen among humans before. The theory is that it may have jumped from animal species into the human population and then begun spreading.

Origin of coronavirus :-

The coronavirus was found in China probably it is originated at a market in the central Chinese. The disease was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan City in China. According to this 2019 coronavirus outbreak most of the first group of patients hospitalized were worker or customer at a local seafood wholesale market in Wuhan.

Using sample of the virus which is isolated from patients, scientist in China have determined the genetic code of the virus. The pathogen which is responsible for the new coronavirus, its in the same family of viruses as the well known severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-COV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-COV) which have killed hundreds of people in the past 17 years. The world health organisation (Who) has named the new coronavirus 2019-n-COV

Symptom of coronavirus

The most common symptoms of coronavirus are fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, shorteness of breath and it may lead to pneumonia. People who had suffered from the disease have also experienced problems affecting digestion or eye complaints (conjunctivitis).

How does coronavirus spread from person to person            

Person to person contact is throught to be the main method of transmission for coronavirus.

    Imagine if a person sitting next to infected person on the bus or in a meeting room Or in road, suddenly this person sneezes or coughs, if they don’t cover their mouth and nose they could spray you with respiratory droplets from their nose or mouth, the droplet that land on you will contain the virus. Or if you meet someone who contracted the virus, and they touch their mouth or nose with their hand, when that person shakes your hand, they transfer some of the virus to your hand. And if you then touch your mouth or nose without washing your hands first you may accidentally give that virus an entry point into your own body.This is how the virus spread from person to person.

How does covid-19 affect the body :-

Virus is an infectious agent of small size, all viruses contain nucleic acid either DNA or RNA(but not both) and a protein coat which covered the nucleic acid. Any viruses that enter your body looks for a cell with compatible recepter – ones that allow it to invade the cell. Once they find the right cell, they enter and use the cell’s to replication machinery to create copies of themselves. It is found that covid – 19 uses the same receptor as SARS both are found in lungs and intestine. It is thought that covid-19 share many similarities with SARS, which has three phases of attack, viral replication, hyper-reactivity of the immune system and finally pulmonary destruction. Early on in infection, the coronavirus invades two type of cells in the lungs – mucus and cilia cells.

Mucus keeps your lungs from drying out and protect them from pathogens. Cilia beat the the mucus to words the enterior of your body, clearing debris including virus out of your lungs. Cilia cell were act as host for SARS-COV and are likely the preffered host for new coronavirus. When this cells die, they slough off into your airways filling them with debris and fluid. Immune cell recognize the virus and flood into the lungs the lung tissue becomes inflamed, during normal immune function, the inflammatory process is highly regulated and is confined to infected areas. However sometimes the immune system overreacts and this result in damage to healthy tissue. More cells die and slough off into the lungs. As damage to the lungs increases, stage three begins, resulting in respiratory failure. Patients that reach this stage of infection can I cure permanent lung damage or even die.

Prevention :-

Standard recommendation to prevent infection include,            1. wash your hand thoroughly with soap at least for 20 second. 2. Use alcohol based sanitizer. 3.Avoid touching your face. You can easily transmit the virus from your hands to your mouth, nose without even realizing it. 4.stay at home. Avoid close contact with anyone showing symptoms of respiratory illness such as coughing and sneezing. Cover mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing.

Vaccine

At this time there are no specific vaccine or treatment for covid-19. The disease is new so there is no vaccine until.

Stay safe, and stay at home!